Effect of Azadirachta indica Stem Bark Extract on Carious Lesions in Deciduous Teeth

Caries are the localized destruction of the tissue s of the tooth by bacterial action; either enamel or cementum is demineralized by microbial acids. Traditionally the stem bark of Azadirachta indica was used to clean the teeth due to its antibacterial activity which reduced the incidence of dental caries. In modern life style, the use of Azadirachta indica was minimized and the incidence of dental caries was significantly increased. The study was to aim evaluate the effect of Azadirachta indica stem bark tooth paste (Neem Tooth Paste) on carious lesions in deciduous teeth. 24 deciduous teeth were selected for the study and divided in to 2 groups. Acid-resistant varnish was applied on the teeth, leaving only one area of 5 mm x 1 mm of dental enamel exposed. Group I served as control applied with tooth paste base, and group II was served as test applied with Neem Tooth Paste. The tested products were applied on the teeth and the teeth were stored in a moist environment for 24 hours. Each group of teeth was then subjected to a pH cycling model for 14 days, after which the teeth were cut through the center for an analysis of the depth of the carious lesion by polarized light microscopy. Comparisons were made between the control and Neem Tooth Paste group. There was significant (P<0.001) decrease in the lesion with the Neem Tooth Paste applied group compared to control group. The anti-caries activity may be due to its, antimicrobial activity of Azadirachta indica.